Summary of Emission Reduction commitments communicated in pursuance to the Copenhagen Accord:

India

India will endeavour to reduce the emissions intensity of its GDP by 20-25% by 2020 in comparison to the 2005 levels.

The emissions from agriculture sector will not form part of the assessment of emission intensity.

China

China will endeavor to lower its carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40-45%by 2020 compared to the 2005 level, increase the share of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to around 15% by 2020 and increase forest coverage by 40 million hectares and forest stock volume by 1.3 billion cubic meters by 2020 from the 2005levels.

Brazil

1. Reduction in Amazon deforestation (range of estimated reduction: 564million tons of CO2 eq. in 2020);
2. Reduction in Cerrado deforestation (range of estimated reduction: 104million tons of CO2 eq. in 2020);
3. Restoration of grazing land(range of estimated reduction: 83 to 104million tons of CO2 eq. in 2020);
4. Integrated crop-livestock system(range of estimated reduction: 18 to 22million tons of CO2 eq. in 2020);
5. No-till farming(range of estimated reduction: 16 to 20million tons of CO2 eq. in 2020);
6. Biological N2 fixation(range of estimated reduction: 16 to 20million tons of CO2 eq. in 2020);
7. Energy efficiency(range of estimated reduction: 12 to 15million tons of CO2 eq. in 2020);
8. Increase in use of biofuels(range of estimated reduction: 48 to 60million tons of CO2 eq. in 2020);
9. Increase in energy supply by hydroelectric power plants(range of estimated reduction: 79 to 99million tons of CO2 eq. in 2020);
10. Alternative energy sources(range of estimated reduction: 26 to 33million tons of CO2 eq. in 2020);
11. Iron & Steel - replace coal from deforestation with coal from planted forests(range of estimated reduction: 8 to 10million tons of CO2 eq. in 2020);

All amounting to 36.1% to 38.9% reduction by 2020.

South Africa

...34% deviation below Business As Usual emissions growth trajectory by 2020 and 42% deviation below Business As Usual emissions growth trajectory by 2025. Peaking period between 2020 and 2025.

EU's annex-1 entities

20%/30% below 1990 level
30% reduction by 2020 conditional - provided other developed countries contribute comparably and developing countries according to their individual capability.

USA

17% base year 2005 - final communication will be subject to US energy and climate legislation

Canada

17% to be aligned with US legislative enactment

Russian Federation

15 to 25% base year 1990

Japan

25% reduction - provided there is an effective international framework in which major economies participate.

Source: UNFCCC website